Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest under-5 mortality rate in the world, with 1 child in 13 dying before his or her fifth birthday, 20 years behind the world average which achieved a 1 in 13 rate in 1999. This is equivalent to 1 in 11 children dying before reaching age 5 in 1990, compared to 1 in 27 in 2019.Īlthough the world as a whole has been accelerating progress in reducing the under-5 mortality rate, difference exist in under-5 mortality across regions and countries. Since 1990, the global under-5 mortality rate has dropped by 59%, from 93 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 38 in 2019.
The total number of under-5 deaths worldwide has declined from 12.6 million in 1990 to 5.2 million in 2019. Substantial global progress has been made in reducing child deaths since 1990. Who is most at risk? Children under the age of 5 Injuries (including road traffic injuries and drowning) are the leading causes of death among older children. Older children (5-9 years) had one of the largest declines in mortality since 1990 (61%), due to a decline in infectious diseases.Leading causes of death in children under-5 years are preterm birth complications, birth asphyxia/trauma, pneumonia, congenital anomalies, diarrhoea and malaria, all of which can be prevented or treated with access to simple, affordable interventions including immunization, adequate nutrition, safe water and food and quality care by a trained health provider when needed.An additional 500,000 older children (5 to 9 years) died in 2019.Newborns (under 28 days) accounted for the remaining 2.4 million deaths. Children aged 1 to 11 months accounted for 1.5 million of these deaths while children aged 1 to 4 years accounted for 1.3 million deaths.
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